In this second of a two-part post, I collaborate with co-author Dr. Molly Ness of Fordham University to show how analysis of writing in children as young as kindergarten shows evidence of foundational ...

Reading fluency is the ability to read with proper speed, accuracy, and expression. Children, and people in general, must be able to read fluently in order to understand what they’re reading. This ...

Key points All first graders should show development in two critical phases, Phases 3 and Phase 4, leading to automatic word reading and spelling. In Phases 3 and 4 writing samples, you see evidence ...